Carlos Santana has been mixing blues, Afro-Cuban jazz, rock, fusion, and psychedelic guitar elements into his brand of Latin rock since the 1960s. Many of today’s musicians hold Santana responsible for picking up where Ritchie Valens left off, bringing Latin sounds to the forefront of popular music. Shortly after Santana’s start playing music halls of San Francisco in the liquid light-show heyday (mid-’60s), his eclectic band found itself at the first Woodstock festival, playing one of its most memorable performances. The band has undergone many lineup changes since, but Carlos Santana continues to radiate global soul, playing new material as well as the hits that brought him acclaim back in the day of the longhairs. - Eric Shea

Latin pop diva Shakira has achieved phenomenal success and become a genuine pop icon. Born to humble beginnings in Barranquilla on Colombia’s Caribbean coast, she left for the capital city of Bogota as an aspiring model at age 13. Ironically it was her music that garnered attention. Singing and writing lyrics since she was 8, her first album for Sony was released when she was 14. Although sales were meager, the album helped launch her career as a soap opera actress. Then came Pies Descalzados (1995), an album which showcased her bold, flexible voice and yielded a string of huge hits. Her mixture of rock ballads and Dance Pop (with an occasional tropical touch) is filtered through her image as a talented, beautiful and headstrong young woman. Departing from the traditional image of Latin American women, Shakira’s music and persona aroused controversy when her multiplatinum records put her in the spotlight. Following in the footsteps of Selena, she represents a bold new Latina who will be neither obsequious nor silent. As Shakira has matured, so has her music, as demonstrated in songs such as the Arabic-inflected “Ojos Asi” as well as in her live performances. - Robert Leaver

Repping for the oft-neglected city of Miami, Cuban-American rapper Pitbull hit the scene in the summer of 2004, finding big success with his Lil Jon collabo single “Culo.” With a potent mix of crunked-out production, sex-fiend lyrics and Hispanic pride, his debut LP M.I.A.M.I. (Money Is A Major Issue) catapulted the young emcee into rap stardom, especially in the South and among Latinos. With releases like El Mariel and The Boatlift, he has continued making songs with insightful social commentary while proving his ability to move the masses with his club anthems. - Brolin Winning

As the son of Julio Iglesias — perhaps the most famous singer in the Spanish-speaking world — Enrique was born to stardom. He recorded his demo tape under a false name, not wanting to be seen as the son of Julio, but the relationship was ultimately a factor in the blockbuster success of his first record in 1995. Possessing a strong natural voice that is well suited to both romantic and dance material, he sings confidently in Spanish and English. His first monster hit, the power ballad “Experiencia Religiosa,” topped the charts in every Spanish-speaking country. Teaming up with top writers and producers, he continued with eleven No. 1 hits in a row on the Billboard Latin charts. His song “Bailamos” began his crossover career, and soon after he was performing at the Superbowl. The ultimate marker of success is that three Spanish soap operas are named after his songs. Although his father is still revered, Enrique’s popularity has now eclipsed his father’s, as any Latina teenager can testify. - Robert Leaver

Considered the king of the rancheros, Fernandez’s romantic, nostalgic sound typifies old Mexico. He wields exquisite control over his voice, surging from intimacy to drama at the drop of a hat. Fernandez is heir to singers like Jorge Negrete and Pedro Infante, but his story is also bound up with the rise of television. Born in Jalisco in 1940, Fernandez had his first brush with musical success when he won a Guadalajara singing contest. But it wasn’t until he won a small role on a television show called La Calandria Musical that his career really got moving. He began singing for many of the major mariachi groups of the 1950s, and famously gave an impassioned concert in Mexico City just after learning his father had died. - Sarah Bardeen

If Ricky Martin is the Latin crossover star that wears tight leather and does Pepsi ads, Marc Anthony is the one wearing the black silk and smoking a cigarette. Anthony established himself in the ’90s as a contemporary Salsa superstar, and more recently, his English crossover recordings have expanded his overall audience. Universally respected for his clear and emotional singing style, he’s always brought integrity to his music whether singing a shamelessly revealing romantic ballad or cutting loose with some hot Salsa. He’s a “NuyoRican” (Puerto Rican from New York City) whose English vocals display no accent. Now visible as a film actor as well, Anthony exudes a cool downtown New York persona, and his mix of contemporary dance ballads and salsa works easily in his hands. - Robert Leaver

So unique was Stan Getz’s saxophone sound that his solo on “Early Autumn” catapulted him to stardom in 1948 (his tone was so unique that he was nicknamed “The Sound” and even Coltrane wished he could play like him). Getz was at first influenced by Lester Young (and he was deservedly famous for the way he played ballads) but he quickly fell under bop’s spell and his disarming versatility that enabled him to shine in Swing, Cool, or Avant-Garde jazz contexts. Just as his popularity was beginning to wane in the early 1960s, he scored massive hits with his Bossa Nova work, introducing the sultry South American-derived rhythms to a global audience. Getz remained on top for the rest of his life. - Nick Dedina

Touring with Santana in support of Supernatural, this Mexican rock band has arrived at the pinnacle of Latin Rock stardom. They’ve marched forward since the early ’90s with a blend of pop hooks and hard riffs, shocking conservative Latinos while developing a dedicated following. Their song “Se Me Olvido Otra Vez” won a Latin Grammy in 2000 for Best Pop Performance. - Robert Leaver

Aventura are bachata’s first boy band. This renegade group of Dominican American teenagers toured relentlessly through the 1990s, trying to gain acceptance for their unconventional mix of bachata, hip-hop and R&B. By the time 2002’s We Broke the Rules was released, it was clear that their transgressions would set new standards. “Obsession” became a huge hit, and the group continued to experiment with bachata’s boundaries. Bilingual Love and Hate (2007) found them moving into urban-music territory, incorporating elements of hip-hop and R&B into a mix of tropical styles. Released in 2006 and 2007, respectively, K.O.B. Live and Kings of Bachata – Sold Out at Madison Square Garden showcased their growing stage prowess as well as their burgeoning Rolodex, thanks to cameos from Don Omar and Hector Acosta. Reggaeton beats and appearances by Akon, Wyclef Jean and Ludacris expanded Aventura’s range on 2009’s The Last, but they never abandoned their bachata roots. - Sarah Bardeen

If Wisin y Yandel’s “Rakata” wasn’t replaying itself endlessly in your head at the end of 2005, it’s probably because you weren’t listening to the right radio station. For any lover of the genre, that spitfire track off Luny Tunes’ Mas Flow compilation helped permanently prop open the door that Daddy Yankee’s “Gasolina” had kicked open in 2004. Reggaeton had become a mainstay on Latin pop radio and in some way Wisin and Yandel’s story mimicked the genre’s rise. Born and raised in Cayey, Puerto Rico, Llandel Veguilla and Juan Luis Morera took up rapping early; by 1998 they’d released their debut No Fear with a string of compilations and releases to follow. After a greatest hits release, the duo called it quits. But fate intervened — or their solo careers didn’t take off as planned — and they reunited for 2004’s La Mission IV en el ano 2004. Their timing was good — Universal was launching its reggaeton imprint and the duo was quickly folded under Machete Music’s wings. - Sarah Bardeen